ORAL SURGERY & PERIODONTICS BLOG

Wisdom teeth are the last teeth to erupt into the mouth. The average person will have a total of four wisdom teeth, including two on the top and two on the bottom located in the back. 

In some instances, individuals will experience impacted wisdom teeth. Impacted wisdom teeth are third molars at the back of the mouth that don't have enough room to emerge or develop as they normally should. As a result, those who have impacted wisdom teeth may experience pain, damage to other teeth, and even experience other dental-related problems.

With that said, it's not uncommon for individuals to feel no pain at all. In fact, impacted wisdom teeth may lead to no physical discomfort or be no apparent cause of concern. However, impacted teeth are difficult to clean. As such, they are more vulnerable to tooth decay and gum disease than other teeth in the mouth. Occasionally there can be damaging cysts unknowingly developing around impacted wisdom teeth and rarely a tumor, especially as patients get older.

Key Takeaways

• Impacted wisdom teeth are third molars that don’t fully emerge due to lack of space or obstruction by other teeth.

• They can lead to pain, infection, crowding, and long-term dental complications if not addressed.

• Early evaluation by an oral surgeon can prevent problems and ensure a smoother recovery.

• Safe, expert removal—often during the teen or young adult years—helps prevent future dental issues.

• Understanding symptoms, timing, procedure details, and recovery steps empowers both patients and parents to make confident care decisions.

Who Is This blog post For?

This comprehensive guide is for individuals and families preparing for or researching wisdom teeth removal—especially when impaction is suspected. Whether you’re a parent supporting your teen through the process or a young adult seeking relief from discomfort, this article answers the most common questions about impacted wisdom teeth with trusted, professional insights.

What causes impacted wisdom teeth?

There are many factors that can contribute to an individual having impacted wisdom teeth. A person's wisdom teeth generally erupt between the ages of 17 and 25.  For some people, wisdom teeth will grow normally. But for others, wisdom teeth will become impacted because there isn't enough room for them to grow.

It's possible that an impacted wisdom tooth will partially emerge, which means that a part of the crown is visible. But fully impacted wisdom teeth are unable to break through the gums. Impaction happens when:

• The jaw is too small to accommodate extra molars.

• Adjacent teeth or bone block eruption.

• The teeth grow in at an angle (horizontal or diagonal).

Some individuals experience no symptoms, while others may feel pressure, pain, or swelling near the back of the mouth. Routine dental exams help identify these issues before they become serious.

Symptoms of Impacted Wisdom Teeth

Impacted wisdom teeth can cause discomfort depending on the individual and the way in which the wisdom tooth grows. While a wisdom tooth doesn't always cause discomfort, you will notice symptoms if it's infected, causes damage to other teeth, or results in other dental problems. Here are a few symptoms you might experience.

• Tender or bleeding gums
• Red or swollen gums
• Swelling around the jaw
• Jaw pain
• Bad breath
• Unpleasant taste inside your mouth
• Difficulties with opening your mouth
• Gum infection or fluid-filled cysts

If left untreated, these symptoms may worsen or lead to infection. Even if no pain is present, an X-ray may reveal partial or complete impaction that requires attention.

what if i don't remove my wisdom teeth? 

Some people choose to live with impacted wisdom teeth. This is because they don't always include uncomfortable symptoms. Even if your wisdom teeth don't appear to be causing you physical problems, they can cause complications later on. Let's take a look at a few complications associated with impacted wisdom teeth.

Damage to Other Teeth

It's possible for the wisdom tooth to push against the second molar. If this happens, it can damage the second molar or increase the risk of infection in that particular area. Additionally, this pressure can lead to tooth crowding that will require orthodontic treatment to straighten your teeth out. 

Cysts

Damaging other teeth isn't the only cause for concern. Having impacted wisdom teeth can increase your risk of developing cysts. This is because the wisdom tooth develops in a sac within the jawbone. This sac can fill with fluid, forming a cyst that can damage the jawbone, teeth, and nerves. In rare cases, a benign tumor can form, which may require the removal of tissue and bone. 

Decay

If you have partially impacted wisdom teeth, you have a higher risk of tooth decay compared to other teeth. This is due to the fact that wisdom teeth are typically harder to clean and bacteria can easily become trapped between the gum and the tooth.

Gum Disease

Since impacted wisdom teeth are more difficult to clean, the risk for gum disease can increase. This is a gum infection that damages the gums and can destroy the jawbone. 

Injury to Nerves and Sinuses

As we age, the roots of wisdom teeth become fully developed and the bone around the wisdom teeth become more dense. This leads to more difficulty to remove wisdom teeth as we get older. The longer roots become close to the mandibular nerve (which give sensation to the chin and lip region) or extend into the maxillary sinus. The risks of short-term, long-term or even permanent numbness of this nerve or of sinus complications increases with age. For this reason, it is beneficial to have wisdom teeth evaluated as a teen or in the early twenties before the roots are fully developed.

Preventive removal is often safer, more predictable, and less painful than waiting for complications to arise. 

When Should Impacted Wisdom Teeth Be Removed?

The ideal time for removal is often during the late teen or early adult years, when the roots are not yet fully developed and recovery is typically faster.

You should consider scheduling an evaluation if:

• Your dentist or orthodontist recommends it.

• X-rays show partial or complete impaction.

• You experience pain, swelling, or infection.

• You’re preparing for orthodontic treatment or heading to college.

Timing surgery around school breaks or vacations can minimize disruption and allow for a smooth recovery period.

What Happens During Wisdom Teeth Removal Surgery?

Wisdom teeth removal is a routine outpatient procedure performed by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon.
Here’s what to expect:

1. Consultation: X-rays determine tooth position and impaction type.

2. Anesthesia options: Choices include local anesthesia, IV sedation, or general anesthesia for comfort.

3. Extraction: The surgeon gently removes the impacted tooth through a small incision in the gum.

4. Closure: Stitches may be placed to assist healing.

5. Recovery: Most patients return home the same day with detailed care instructions.

Modern surgical techniques and sedation make the process safe and comfortable. For an overview of the procedure, visit “What to Expect During Your Wisdom Teeth Removal Surgery”.

What if i'm nervous about wisdom tooth removal?

If you're living with impacted wisdom teeth, the best option is wisdom tooth removal. The idea of getting surgery can feel scary, but the symptoms of impacted wisdom teeth are often more painful than the surgery itself.

In fact, wisdom tooth surgery is very common and generally isn't as intimidating as a person might assume. An oral surgeon or dentist will first numb your mouth to help minimize discomfort during the procedure. A simple incision will be made, which will allow the surgeon to remove one or more impacted wisdom teeth. 

WISDOM TEETH REMOVAL RECOVERY

The recovery time for wisdom tooth removal depends on the individual. With that said, it could take up to two weeks for a full recovery. For the quickest recovery, it's essential that you properly care for your wound. Otherwise, you can delay your healing and increase your risk for complications. Here's a general guideline for the healing process. 

• First 24 hours: The formation of blood clots
• 2 to 3 days: Individuals should expect to see swelling of the mouth and cheeks peak
• 7 days: Most of the swelling should subside, most stitches should have fallen out
• 7 to 10 days: Jaw stiffness and soreness should diminish
• 2 weeks: Any mild bruising on the face should go away

If you feel as if you're experiencing any symptoms post-surgery that seem out of the ordinary, it's important to contact a professional who can examine your surgical site and see how well it's healing. 

How Can I Make Recovery Easier?

A smooth recovery begins with preparation.
To promote healing:

• Rest and avoid strenuous activity for 48 hours.

• Use ice packs to reduce swelling.

• Take prescribed medications as directed.

• Keep the surgical site clean (avoid vigorous rinsing).

• Stick to soft foods such as yogurt, smoothies, and soup.

What Are the Risks or Complications of Surgery?

While rare, complications can occur if aftercare instructions are not followed. Potential issues include:

• Dry socket: A painful condition where the blood clot becomes dislodged.

• Infection: May occur if bacteria enter the surgical site.

• Nerve sensitivity: Temporary tingling or numbness can happen but typically resolves.

Your oral surgeon minimizes these risks by using advanced techniques and providing clear recovery guidance. Learn more in “Dry Socket – What Is It and Should I Be Concerned?”

How Do I Choose the Right Oral Surgeon?

Selecting an experienced oral surgeon ensures safety, comfort, and peace of mind.
Look for:

• Board certification and surgical expertise

• Positive patient reviews and testimonials

• Clear explanations of sedation options

• Transparent pricing and insurance guidance

• A welcoming environment for teens and families

Trust and expertise matter—choose a provider who prioritizes both patient safety and compassionate care.

Final Thoughts: Why Early Action Matters

Impacted wisdom teeth can compromise oral health if ignored—but proactive care leads to better outcomes. Early evaluation by an oral surgeon allows for:

• Easier surgery and faster recovery

• Prevention of pain, infection, or crowding

• Long-term dental health and peace of mind

With expert care, clear communication, and a trusted surgical team, removing impacted wisdom teeth can be a smooth, positive experience for patients and families alike. This is one of the most common dental procedures that can improve your oral health and relieve any pain and complications associated with an impacted tooth. 

Ready to remove your impacted wisdom tooth and get relief today? Contact us to schedule an appointment.